Pesquisa | SciELO

Resumo: Introdução: O tema central deste estudo é a avaliação do uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) pelos discentes do curso de Medicina, uma vez que, nos dias atuais, tal relação tornou-se indissociável da formação e da prática médica. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil de utilização de TIC entre os acadêmicos, de modo a identificar quais são as mais adotadas, os possíveis estímulos e as principais barreiras ao seu uso. Método: Foi realizado um estudo observacional e transversal por meio da aplicação de um formulário eletrônico, do qual participaram discentes do primeiro ao 12º período da graduação. Resultado: Entre os 216 participantes, notou-se uma predominância do sexo feminino (60,6%), na faixa etária entre 20 e 24 anos (65,3%) e com renda familiar inferior a três salários mínimos (36,1%). O principal dispositivo utilizado pelos participantes foi o smartphone (68,1%). Quanto às TIC, os estudantes apontaram preferência por aplicativos de mensagens de texto (99,5%) e navegadores de internet (96,8%), enquanto aplicativos de medicamentos (48,1%) e calculadoras especializadas (31%) foram significativamente menos utilizados. De acordo com participantes do estudo, a possibilidade de comunicação a distância é o principal benefício das TIC. Com relação aos possíveis problemas, predominou o quesito segurança. Conclusão: O uso das tecnologias pelos acadêmicos é bastante frequente e variado, porém há a necessidade de treinamento deliberado de docentes e discentes para maior aproveitamento das tecnologias disponíveis.

Abstract: Introduction: The central topic of the present study is the evaluation of Information and Communication Technology use by medical students, since this relationship has become inseparable from medical training and practice. Objective: To characterize the profile of Information and Communication Technology use among medical students, identifying which are the most frequently used, the possible stimuli and the main impediments to its use. Method: An observational and cross-sectional study was carried out by applying an electronic form on the Google Forms® platform, to students attending from the 1st to the 12th semester of undergraduate medical school. Results: Of the 216 participants, there was a predominance of females (60.6%), aged between 20-24 years (65.3%) and with a family income of less than 3 minimum wages (36.1%). The main device used by the participants was the smartphone (68.1%) and the most frequently used Information and Communication Technologies were text messaging apps (99.5%) and internet browsers (96.8%), while Medication Apps (48.1%) and Specialized Calculators (31%) were significantly less often used. The main benefit mentioned was the possibility of distance communication, while the main impediment was the issue of security. Conclusion: It was concluded that the use of technologies by medical students is quite frequent and varied, but purposeful training, by teachers and students, is necessary for better use of the available technologies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v45.4-20210213.ing 43 downloads

Revisores 2020
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Alonso, Daniela

; Alvarez, José Manuel

; Arrivillaga, Christiane

; Guerrero, María Elena Ávila

; Barreto, Ana Claudia

; Bertolotto, Fernando

; Brunet, Nicolás

; Bruno, Gabriela

; Brussino, Silvina

; Castillo, Mauricio

; Chiarino, Nicolás

; Correa-Moreira, Gonzalo

; Daguerre, Leticia

; Dias, Hélia

; Díaz, Alvaro

; Díaz, Daniela

; Duero, Dante

; Elices, Matilde

; FreibergHoffmann, Agustín

; Frías, Pamela

; Garcés, Magadalena

; Rubiano, Mónica García

; Guidotti, Carolina

; Hernandez, José Augusto

; Huerta, Fernando

; Labarthe, Javier

; Leopold, Sandra

; López-Steinmetz, Cecilia

; Mailhos, Alvaro

; Mercado Maya, Aida

; Michelini, Yanina

; Mola, Débora

; Quintana, Adriana Molas de la

; Montero, Federico

; Berges, Beatriz Montes

; Orejuela, Johnny

; Palermo Moreira, Cássia Regina

; Pechorro, Pedro

; Pereira, José Carlos

; Acosta, Andrés Perez

; Plachot, Graciela

; Quintana, Alberto Manuel

; Melognio, Alejandro Raggio

; Ramos, Valeria

; Leite, Umbelina Rego

; Estrada, Erika Robles

; Ayan, Maria Noel Rodriguez

; Santos, Paul Ruiz

; Spinatelli, Jorge Salvo

; Schenck, Marcela

; Sánchez, Hugo Selma

; Simkin, Hugo

; Soldatova, Elena

; Abella, Alicia María Sosa

; Tosi, Jeremías David

; Tutte, Verónica

; Ungaretti, Joaquín

; Bálsamo, Pilar Uriarte

; Vales, Lisandro

; Garay, Rosa Maria Varela

Psicología, Conocimiento y Sociedad

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2020, Volume 10 Nº 3 Páginas 173 - 174

Resumo: Es | Texto: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.26864/pcs.v10.n3.rev

Anthelmintic effect of Cassia fistula and Combretum leprosum protein fractions against goat gastrointestinal nematodes
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Silva, Mara Thais de Oliveira

; Maia, Mara Andrade Colares

; Silva, Michele Dalvina Correia da

; Torres, Taffarel Melo

; Pereira, José Carlos da Silveira

; Araújo, João Ronielly Campêlo

; Silva, Ryan Emiliano da

; Souza, Anna Lopes da Costa

; Barbosa, Tallyson Nogueira

; Bezerra, Ana Carla Diógenes Suassuna

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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Jun 2018, Volume 27 Nº 2 Páginas 237 - 241

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Neste estudo, foram avaliadas as atividades ovicida e larvicida de preparações proteicas de Cassia fistula L. e Combretum leprosum Mart. em parasitas gastrointestinais de caprinos. As preparações proteicas foram obtidas por extração das folhas de C. fistula L. e C. leprosum Mart. seguido pelo fracionamento proteico (com porcentagens de saturação de sulfato de amônio de 30%, 30-60%, 60-90%) e diálise, resultando nas frações proteicas (intituladas F1, F2 e F3, respectivamente). As frações foram avaliadas nos testes de eclosão de ovos (os ovos foram recuperados em amostras de fezes de cabras naturalmente infectadas) e de desenvolvimento larvar. Os resultados revelaram que a inibição da eclosão de ovos causada pelas frações proteicas de C. fistula (38%) foi semelhante à do fármaco controle, o tiabendazol. Além disso, as frações de C. fistula também causaram inibição significativa (61-69%) do desenvolvimento larvar. No entanto, C. leprosum não revelou inibição significativa na eclosão dos ovos e no desenvolvimento larvar. Concluiu-se que C. fistula L. mostrou uma melhor atividade ovicida e larvicida contra endoparasitas.

Abstract In this study, we evaluated the ovicidal and larvicidal activity of protein preparations obtained from Cassia fistula L. and Combretum leprosum Mart. leaves on the gastrointestinal parasites of goats. Protein preparations were obtained after the extraction of C. fistula L. and C. leprosum Mart. leaves, followed by protein fractionation (with ammonium sulfate saturation percentages of 30%, 30%-60%, and 60%-90%) and dialysis, which resulted in protein fractions (called F1, F2, and F3, respectively). The fractions were evaluated by egg hatching (the eggs were recovered in stool samples from naturally infected goats) and larval development tests. The results reveled that the inhibition of hatching of eggs caused by the protein fractions of C. fistula (38%) were similar to that of the control drug, thiabendazole. In addition, the fractions of C. fistula caused significant inhibition (61-69%) of larval development also. However, C. leprosum did not reveal significant inhibition of egg hatching and larval development. We conclude that C. fistula L. showed better ovicidal and larvicidal activity against endoparasites.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-296120180041 1030 downloads

Influence of lipid supplementation on milk components and fatty acid profile
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Machado, Henrique Valentim Nunes

; Pereira, José Carlos

; Bettero, Vitor Pereira

; Leonel, Fernando de Paula

; Araújo, Raphael Pavesi

; Moreira, Leonardo Marmo

; Teixeira, Rafael Bastos

; Zervoudakis, Joanis Tilemahos

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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Dez 2017, Volume 46 Nº 12 Páginas 910 - 916

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different lipid sources in diets for lactating cows on milk yield and composition, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content, and fatty acid profile in the milk fat. Five primiparous Holstein cows were distributed in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Treatments were: control (no lipid addition) and four other diets containing different lipids sources - ground raw soybean, cottonseed, soybean oil, and calcium salts of soybean fatty acids (CSSFA). The greater milk yield (kg/day) and milk lactose (g/kg) and solids non-fat (g/kg) contents were obtained with the animals fed diets with CSSFA. Regarding the fatty acid profile in the milk fat, the diets with CSSFA and ground raw soybeans produced the greatest concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids and C182. Supplementation with CSSFA provided a greater production (g/day) of CLA, resulting in almost twice the values shown by the other treatments. The use of different lipid sources does not affect the milk total solids (protein, fat, and lactose) and CSSFA has a positive influence on the fatty acid profile of the milk fat and amount of CLA produced. Additionally, milk yield is not affected by this supplement.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-92902017001200006 1366 downloads

Características do amido do grão de milho processado por reconstituição e moagem para uso na alimentação de ruminantes
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SILVA, Cássio José da

; PEREIRA, José Carlos

; OLIVEIRA, Tadeu Silva

; CABRAL FILHO, Sérgio Lúcio Salomon

; MENDES, Clayton Quirino

; LEITE, Gilberto Gonçalves

; DIOGO, José Mauro da Silva

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal

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Dez 2016, Volume 17 Nº 4 Páginas 710 - 718

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a reconstituição da umidade associada à moagem grosseira do grão de milho sobre as características macroscópicas e microscópicas dos grãos. O experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Nutrição animal do Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Foram utilizadas as seguintes combinações de processamento do milho: milho com reconstituição da umidade depois da moagem a 5 mm (MRD); milho com reconstituição da umidade antes da moagem a 5 mm (MRA) e milho moído a 1 mm (MMF). Foram realizados os ensaios de avaliação da atividade da enzima α-amilase sobre o amido dos grãos, microscopia eletrônica de varredura para os grãos de milho processados e avaliação da granulometria. O MRA apresentou maior número de partículas com tamanho acima de 1,19mm devido ao fato de a reconstituição ocorrer antes do processo de moagem, o que favorece a liberação da maior parte do pericarpo aderido ao grão de milho. Microscopicamente, os grânulos de amido não apresentaram variações na estrutura básica padrão sendo que algumas alterações observadas nas imagens de microscopia eletrônica de varredura foram devidas à preparação das amostras para visualização. A taxa de liberação de amido pela a ação da enzima α-amilase (Novozymes, Termamyl 2x) seguiu mesmo padrão para os três tipos de processamento.

SAMMURY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of moisture reconstitution associated with coarse milling of corn grain on macroscopic and microscopic grain characteristics. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa. The following corn processing combinations were tested: corn reconstituted after being milled to 5 mm (CRA); corn reconstituted before being milled to 5 mm (CRB); and corn milled to 1 mm (CGF). Evaluation assays of α-amylase enzyme activity on the grain's starch, scanning electron microscopy for processed kernels, and particle-ize analysis were undertaken. The highest number of particles larger than 1.19 mm was found in CRB, because reconstitution occurred prior to the milling process, which facilitates the release of the largest part of the pericarp adherent to the corn grain. Microscopically, the starch granules did not display variations in their basic standard structure, and some alterations observed in the scanning electron microscopy images were due to the preparation of samples for visualization. There was no effect of grain processing on the rates of starch released by the action of the α-amylase enzyme (Novozymes, Termamyl 2x).

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1519-99402016000400014 3063 downloads

Kinetics of digestion of low-quality forage grazed by beef cattle fed supplements containing increasing levels of rumen undegradable protein
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Gomes, Raphael dos Santos

; Oliveira, Tadeu Silva de

; Pereira, José Carlos

; Vieira, Ricardo Augusto Mendonça

; Silva, Cássio José da

; Leonel, Fernando de Paula

; Fernandes, Alberto Magno

; Azevedo, Flavio Henrique Vidal

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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Set 2016, Volume 45 Nº 9 Páginas 563 - 571

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This experiment was conducted to evaluate the degradation kinetics and microbial efficiency of beef cattle grazing on low-quality forage and receiving supplements with different levels of rumen undegradable protein (RUP). The animals grazed on palisade grass pasture solely or this pasture and supplement containing 40 or 60 g of RUP per 100 g of crude protein (CP). The degradation profiles of neutral detergent fiber, fiber carbohydrates, and neutral detergent insoluble protein were interpreted kinetically by using a decreasing logistic model. Treatments (no supplement, or RUP at 40 or 60 g−1 100 g CP) did not affect rumen fill; however, the increase in the indigestible fiber carbohydrate fraction that occurred at the expense of the digestible fiber carbohydrate fraction resulted in a greater rumen fill effect. The palisade grass showed a significant proportion of its nitrogen in the form of slowly degradable protein as neutral detergent insoluble protein, which amounted to 26 g per 100 g CP. Supplementation with 40 g of RUP per 100 g CP decresead the indigestible fraction of the low-quality forage. However, the absence of a rumen-fill effect demonstrates that the additional supply of nutrients contributes greatly to increasing growth efficiency and use of the available energy from the forage by the ruminal microorganisms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-92902016000900009 1355 downloads

Performance and metabolite profile of dairy cows fed tropical grasses and concentrates containing crude protein with low or high degradability
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Gomes, Raphael dos Santos

; Oliveira, Tadeu Silva de

; Pereira, José Carlos

; Vieira, Ricardo Augusto Mendonça

; Henrique, Douglas Sampaio

; Fernandes, Alberto Magno

; Leonel, Fernando de Paula

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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Set 2016, Volume 45 Nº 9 Páginas 572 - 580

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Ten Holstein-Zebu crossbred cows distributed into two simultaneous Latin squares (5 × 5) as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement formed by chopped sugarcane or elephant grass silage, both with high or low protein degradability supplements and a corn silage as a control treatment, were compared using orthogonal contrasts. The studied variables were the performance, plasma concentrations of urea-N, glucose, and creatinine, urine-N and milk urea-N, and the nychthemeral variation in NH3-N in the rumen fluid of dairy cows. Nutrient intake, milk production, and milk composition were affected by the treatments. The total mixed ration containing elephant grass silage combined with rumen undegradable protein (RUP) provided balanced amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the rumen. This effect may explain the 18% increase in milk yield compared with the other treatments. The diurnal pattern of ruminal NH3-N was interpreted with a sinusoid model. In general, cows fed elephant grass silage exhibited higher concentrations of blood plasma and milk urea-N than animals fed sugarcane. The cows that consumed elephant grass silage with rumen degradable protein concentrate showed a higher milk urea-N compared with animals that consumed elephant grass silage with the RUP concentrate. The use of diets based on corn silage leads to a better use of nitrogen compounds because these diets resulted in lower levels of urea-N in the plasma, urine, and milk at the same level of milk production compared with diets containing elephant grass silage or chopped sugarcane as roughages. In sugarcane-based diets, even greater nitrogen losses in the urine are observed, despite the presence of readily fermentable carbohydrates in the diet.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-92902016000900010 1697 downloads

Preventive effect of toothpastes with MMP inhibitors on human dentine erosion and abrasion in vitro
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Hannas, Angelica Reis

; Kato, Melissa Thiemi

; Cardoso, Cristiane de Almeida Baldini

; Magalhães, Ana Carolina

; Pereira, José Carlos

; Tjäderhane, Leo

; Buzalaf, Marília Afonso Rabelo

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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Fev 2016, Volume 24 Nº 1 Páginas 61 - 66

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The use of gels and mouthrinses with MMP inhibitors (chlorhexidine, and green tea extract) was shown to prevent erosive wear. The aim of this study was to analyze the protective effect of toothpastes containing MMP inhibitors on dentine loss induced by erosion in vitro. Material and Methods Five groups each containing 12 specimens of human root dentine were prepared. The specimens were subjected to 1 min erosion by immersion in a cola drink, 4 times a day, for 5 d. Each day, after the first and last erosive challenges, the specimens were brushed for 15 s with a slurry of dentifrice and water (1:3) containing placebo, 1,100 ppm fluoride, 0.61% green tea extract, 0.12% chlorhexidine or 0.004% chlorhexidine (commercial toothpaste). Between the acid challenges, the specimens were stored in artificial saliva with remineralizing potential until the next treatment. Dentine loss was determined using profilometry. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA after log transform (p<0.05). Results The mean wear values (μm) were as follows: placebo 1.83±0.53; 0.61% green tea extract 1.00±0.21; fluoride 1.27±0.43; 0.12% chlorhexidine 1.19±0.30; and 0.004% chlorhexidine 1.22±0.46. There was a significant difference in wear between placebo and all the treatment toothpastes, which did not differ from each other. Conclusion The results suggest that toothpastes containing MMP inhibitors are as effective as those based on NaF in preventing dentine erosion and abrasion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-775720150289 2270 downloads

Sulfur sources in protein supplements for ruminants
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Silva, Cássio José da

; Leonel, Fernando de Paula

; Pereira, José Carlos

; Costa, Marcone Geraldo

; Moreira, Leonardo Marmo

; Oliveira, Tadeu Silva de

; Abreu, Claudilene Lima de

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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Out 2014, Volume 43 Nº 10 Páginas 537 - 543

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The present study evaluates the efficiency of different sulfur sources for ruminant nutrition. The fiber digestibility and the amino acid profile were analyzed in the duodenal digesta of crossbred steers fed Brachiaria dictyoneurahay. The sources utilized were elemental sulfur (ES70S), elemental sulfur (ES98S); calcium sulfate in hydrated (HCS), CaSO4.2H2O, and anhydrous (ACS), CaSO4, forms; and ammonium sulfate (AS), (NH4)2SO4, keeping a nitrogen:sulfur ratio of 11:1. The iso-protein supplements had 50% of protein in the total dry matter (DM). Five Holstein × Zebu steers, which were fistulated in the rumen and abomasum, were distributed in a 5 × 5 Latin square. The different sulfur sources in the supplement did not affect any of the evaluated nutritional factors, such as intake of hay dry matter and protein supplement, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap), organic matter (OM), non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC), ether extract (EE), total digestible nutrients (TDN), NDFap and CP digestibility coefficients, ruminal pH, and ruminal ammonia concentration. The concentrations of amino acids available in the abomasal digesta did not differ significantly in the tested diets. The sulfur sources evaluated in the present study are suitable as supplement for cattle, and their employment may be important to avoid environmental contaminations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982014001000005 30064 downloads

10.

Factors affecting feed efficiency in dairy goats
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Oliveira, Tadeu Silva de

; Leonel, Fernando de Paula

; Silva, Cássio José da

; Baffa, Danielle Ferreira

; Pereira, José Carlos

; Zervoudakis, Joanis Tilemahos

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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Out 2014, Volume 43 Nº 10 Páginas 524 - 529

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The objective of this study was to present some factors affecting feed efficiency in dairy goats. To develop our work, individual and average data from performance experiments with lactating goats were used. The following variables were evaluated: gross feed efficiency, adjusted feed efficiency, dry matter intake, milk-yield, 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield, dry matter digestibility, dietary neutral detergent fiber content, different roughage-to-concentrate ratios and body weight. The statistical analyses involved the application of descriptive and dispersion measures besides Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis. The analyzed variables were highly correlated with feed efficiency. The feed efficiency of lactating goats was affected by the milk fat correction, dry matter digestibility, dietary fiber content, proportion of roughage in the diet and body weight. Among these factors, standardization of the milk fat appeared to be the most efficient in correcting the feed efficiency in lactating goats. Correction of some of these factors implies greater precision in the measurement of feed efficiency.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982014001000003 4333 downloads

11.

Yield, chemical composition, and efficiency of use of nitrogen by Marandu grass
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Oliveira, Tadeu Silva de

; Leonel, Fernando de Paula

; Pereira, José Carlos

; Silva, Cássio José da

; Baffa, Danielle Ferreira

; Zervoudakis, Joanis Tilemahos

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2014, Volume 43 Nº 8 Páginas 440 - 444

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of five nitrogen doses on the productive and quality characteristics and the use efficiency of Brachiaria brizanthacv. Marandu grass. The treatments consisted of four doses of nitrogen (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1), distributed through a completely randomized design with four replicates. Samples of the material were collected to analyze productivity variables, concentrations of neutral detergent fiber, crude protein and neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen, and in vitro dry matter digestibility. The nitrogen use efficiency, recovery of the applied nitrogen (RAN) and agronomic efficiency of the applied nitrogen (AE) were calculated. Dry mass production increased by 1,624.67 (kg/ha) as the nitrogen doses were increased. The doses of nitrogen affected the concentrations of neutral detergent fiber (from 294.6 to 381.4 g.kg-1, in the leaf), crude protein (from 86.1 to 99.6 g.kg-1, in the leaf) and neutral detergent insoluble protein (from 402.9 to 396.2 g.kg-1 CP, in the leaf). Nitrogen use efficiency increased, whereas RAN and AE were not affected by the nitrogen doses. Nitrogen fertilization promotes improvement in productivity and chemical composition of Marandu grass, also improving the efficiency with which the grass utilizes the nitrogen.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982014000800007 1633 downloads

12.

Mineral deposition in tissues of cattle fed with different phosphates and relationships phosphorus: fluorine
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Teixeira, Alexandre de Oliveira

; Leonel, Fernando de Paula

; Knoop, Rainer

; Ferreira, Vanusa Patrícia de Araújo

; Ribeiro, Everton Teixeira

; Moreira, Leonardo Marmo

; Pereira, José Carlos

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal

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Dez 2013, Volume 14 Nº 4 Páginas 831 - 847

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Quarenta e nove novilhos machos foram distribuídos em delineamento casualizado, inicialmente com sete repetições por tratamento, sendo que, ao final do experimento, foram abatidos quatro animais por tratamento. Os tratamentos foram CONT: Dieta controle; FBC120: Fosfato Bicálcico 120:1 de relação P:F; MBC60: Fosfato monobicálcico 60:1 de relação P:F; FBC 30:1: Fosfato Bicálcico 30:1 de relação P:F; SFT30: Super Fosfato Triplo 30:1 de relação P:F; FBC10: Fosfato Bicálcico 10:1 de relação P:F; CAR10: Concentrado de Rocha 10:1 de relação P:F. Os fosfatos menos elaborados apresentaram maiores concentrações de metais. Nos ossos, os teores de ferro, alumínio e chumbo foram maiores para a dieta FBC10, enquanto o cobre foi maior na dieta MBC60. Magnésio foi mais presente no fígado de animais que consumiram a dieta FBC30, enquanto alumínio foi maior para SFT30, FBC10 e FBC120; cádmio e chumbo foram maiores para a dieta STF30. Os tratamentos não influenciaram fósforo e flúor em coração e músculos. O cromo foi mais presente no músculo de CAR10 e STF30 e o cádmio foi mais encontrado nos corações de CAR10. Nos rins, fósforo foi mais presente na dieta CAR10 e menor na dieta FBC10, enquanto alumínio foi maior na dieta FBC10 e menor na dieta FBC120 assim como os teores de cromo e chumbo foram maiores nos animais da dieta CAR10 e menores na dieta MBC60. Fontes alternativas de fósforo e baixas relações P:F aumentaram a deposição de minerais em ossos e fígado, sendo menor nos músculos.

Forty-nine male calves were allotted in a randomized design, initially seven replicates per treatment at the end of the experiment were slaughtered four animals per treatment. Treatments CONT: control diet; FBC120: Dicalcium Phosphate 120:1 ratio P: F; MBC60: Monodicalcium phosphate 60:1 ratio P:F; FBC30: Dicalcium Phosphate 30:1 ratio P:F; SFT30: Super triple phosphate 30:1 ratio P:F; FBC10: Dicalcium Phosphate 10:1 ratio P:F; CAR10: concentrated ratio of 10:1 rock Q:F. Phosphates less elaborate showed higher amounts of heavy metals. In bones, iron, aluminum and lead were higher in FBC10 diet, the copper content was higher in animals fed the diet MBC60. Magnesium in liver was higher in animals fed diet FBC30, aluminum was higher for treatments SFT30 and FBC10, FBC120 and the cadmium and lead levels were higher in animals that received STF30. Treatments did not affect phosphorus and fluorine in muscle and heart, being that chromium was higher in the muscle of animals fed diets CAR10 and STF30 while cadmium in heart was greater in diet CAR10. Kidney phosphorus was higher in the animals fed the diet CAR10 and lower dietary FBC10, while aluminum was higher in the animals fed with the diet FBC10 and lower dietary FBC120 and levels of chromium and lead were higher in animals CAR10 diet and lowest in diet MBC60. Alternative sources of phosphorus and low ratios P:F increased the deposition of minerals in bones and liver, and this mineral deposition was lower in the muscles.

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13.

Procedimentos para lidar com o tabu da morte
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Pereira, José Carlos

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

Métricas do periódico
- Sobre o periódico
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Set 2013, Volume 18 Nº 9 Páginas 2699 - 2709

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A morte, por mais estudada que seja, continua sendo um mistério. Lidar com ela não é algo nada fácil e por essa razão ela assusta tanto. Todos os medos do ser humano estão, no fundo, relacionados com o da morte. Tudo isso por ela ser um mistério do qual pouco ou nada sabemos, embora seja natural. À vista disso, as religiões dão a este tema o seu principal enfoque. Assim sendo, procuro neste artigo tratar o tabu da morte, refletindo temas relacionados a ele. Temas que estão presentes na vida das pessoas, sobretudo quando passam pela experiência da perda de alguém do seu círculo familiar ou de amizade. Dentre eles, abordo a Unção dos Enfermos, as Exéquias, a Missa do Sétimo Dia e a tradição de rezar pelos mortos. Temas que ajudam a lidar com o tabu da morte ou a perda de um ente querido.

The more death is studied, the more it remains a mystery. Dealing with death is no easy matter and for that reason it is so frightening. All the fears of human beings are fundamentally related to the fear of death. This is because it is a mystery about which we know little or nothing, although it is natural to die. In view of this, religions give this topic a primary focus. Therefore, in this article an attempt is made to deal with the taboo surrounding death and reflect on issues associated with it. These themes are present in people's lives, especially when they have the experience of losing someone in their family or circle of friends. Among these subjects, the aspects of the Anointing of the Sick, the Funeral Mass, the Seventh Day Mass and the tradition of praying for the dead are all touched upon. These are all themes that help to deal with the taboo of death or losing a loved one.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232013000900025 1752 downloads Citado 1 vez em SciELO

14.

Procedimentos para lidar com o tabu da morte
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Pereira, José Carlos

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

Métricas do periódico
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

Set 2013, Volume 18 Nº 9 Páginas 2699 - 2709

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

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15.

A new approach about the digestion of fibers by ruminants
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Moreira, Leonardo Marmo

; Leonel, Fernando de Paula

; Vieira, Ricardo Augusto Mendonça

; Pereira, José Carlos

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal

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Jun 2013, Volume 14 Nº 2 Páginas 382 - 395

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O papel decisivo de cátions metálicos na formação de cluster supramoleculares envolvendo lignina, celulose e hemi-celulose and sua relação a perdas energéticas em ruminantes associadas com fontes de alimentação fibrosas não é ainda bem compreendida. De fato, interações entre lignina, celulose e cátions metálicos geram clusters altamente estáveis diminuem significativamente a capacidade da celulase quebrar ligações entre unidades sacarídicas com o objetivo de facilitar a absorção de uma grande quantidade de celulose, a qual é ingerida por ruminantes na forma de forragem. Além disso, diversos cátions metálicos não podem ser absorvidos como uma conseqüência da formação de ligações coordenadas com os átomos de oxigênio do cluster lignocelulósico. A perda de clusters lignocelulósico-metálicos por ruminantes é responsável por um substancial desperdício de nutrientes, o que é um problema significativo em zootecnia. Ademais, a estrutura química destes relevantes sistemas supramoleculares é pobremente compreendida. No presente artigo, nós discutimos esse tópico em detalhes, em concordância com relevante literatura química e zootécnica, objetivando analisar as perspectivas relacionadas com a melhoria com a absorção nutricional a partir de fontes alimentares por ruminantes.

The decisive role of metallic cations in the formation of supramolecular clusters involving lignin, cellulose, and hemi-cellulose and its relationship to energy losses in ruminants associated with fibrous feed resources is still not well understood. Indeed, interactions between lignin, cellulose and metallic cations generate highly stable clusters that significantly decrease the capability of cellulase to break bonds between sugar units in order to facilitate the absorption of a great quantity of cellulose, which is ingested by ruminants as forage. Furthermore, several metallic cations cannot be absorbed as a consequence of the formation of coordinated ligations with the oxygen atoms of the lignocellulosic cluster. The loss of lignocellulose-metal clusters by ruminants is responsible for a substantial waste of nutrients, which is a significant problem in animal science. Moreover, the chemical structure of these relevant supramolecular systems is poorly understood. In the present review, we discussed this topic in detail in reference to relevant literature from the chemical and animal sciences in order to analyze the perspectives associated with the improvement of nutritional absorption from feed resources by ruminants.

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